Autism:
Most parents know the basics of maintaining the health of their children, both from the physical, mental and social side, including by providing healthy food and making sure that they are getting enough rest and practicing sports, and it is necessary for parents to carry out medical examinations on their children regularly in health care; To inspect the natural growth of the child and control modern diseases, therefore I would like to speak today with you about a disease that has noticeably spread in children, which is autism, as it was possible to control it initially while conducting medical checks continuously.
In the beginning, what does the word autism mean?
The word autism has appeared since the early twentieth century, and refers to a group of neurological and psychological states, which is the word "Greek" which means the self and expresses the conditions that impede people from social communication, and this term was used for the first time by the psychiatrist to refer to a group of symptoms related to schizophrenia, In the 1940's, researchers began using the word "autism" to describe children with emotional, social and behavioral problems.
Autism and schizophrenia remained interconnected in the minds of researchers until the 1960s, only then did doctors begin to understand autism in children, and research from the 1960s to the 1970s focused on autism treatments using electric shock and behavioral change techniques depending on pain and punishment, and the role of behavior therapy emerged during the 1980s and 1990s , Which to this day has played a major role in the treatment of autism.
what is autism ?
Autism is a developmental disorder that affects a child's behavior and ability to communicate with him, and although autism appears at any age, the developmental disorder appears clearly in the first two years of a child's life, and symptoms vary from child to child depending on the type and severity of symptoms, ranging from From medium to severe and often difficult to communicate with others, and despite the persistence of autism for life, the treatment and the provision of appropriate health care for the child will help you in controlling this disease.
What are the types of autism?
Now the diagnosis of children with autism is more than ever, and the increase in the numbers of recent types of autism may be due to the change in how the disease is diagnosed, and not because more children suffer from the disease, and early diagnosis is a good thing and gives a clear difference in treatment, and after the experts familiarize themselves with the types Autism has all called it autism spectrum disorders.
We will now mention the types of autism:
Asperger syndrome: It is one of the mildest forms of autism, and it shows the ability of affected children to deal with her life in a very smart way.
Rampant growth disorder: more severe than Asperger syndrome but not as severe as autism
Autism disorder: This is the oldest type of autism, and most of them remain acute
Thinking childhood disorder: this type is rare and also one of the most severe types of autism; Because the child initially appears natural, then quickly loses many social, linguistic and mental skills, and usually appears at the age of 2 to 4 years
Rett syndrome: The children of this syndrome are similar to children with autism in terms of behavior, and experts used to consider the two cases as a single diagnosis, until it was established that due to a genetic mutation it is no longer related to autism
What are the causes of autism?
Although scientists know about the disease, is it not known that the causes of autism are unknown and one of the studies indicates that genes have a role with the environmental factor in the development of this disease, and below we will mention some of the factors that help autism occur
Having an autistic brother.
Genetic factors, as a family member had this disease.
People with Down syndrome and Rett syndrome are more likely to be infected.
Low birth weight.
Older parents.
The mother is exposed to some drugs or chemicals.
As the mother was obese or diabetic.
Some controversial studies in 1998 linked the causes of autism, measles, mumps, and rubella, but in the end this study was withdrawn in 2010, and knowledge of the causes of autism remained unknown.
What are the signs of autism in infants?
One of the recent studies indicates that doctors predict the detection of signs of autism in infants less than 10 months, and not only that, but the research remained on ways to detect autism until the age of 18 months, and this is one of the recent studies carried out by scientists at the University of Sweden, which represented a boom of its time.
Signs of autism were discovered in infants, when researchers began studying a group of children representing 112 infants, and the result was the emergence of 81 infants with genetic genes for autism, so the chance of developing autism was higher than others, and scientists used to diagnose autism signs in infants with some eye techniques as it is considered One of the best ways to diagnose early, is to measure the extent of children's response to parents as well as visual effects.
We will now mention the signs of autism in infants, if any of these signs are observed, then you can refer to the doctor for examinations. Early diagnosis has a major role in building skills later:
Not smiling: The child usually starts to smile after the age of 3 months as she smiles at him.
No eye contact: most children are born by nature, the ability to recognize their parents while looking at them.
He does not respond upon hearing his name: The children must respond to this, up to a maximum of 9 months.
They do not want group posts.
They do not play nor laugh like children.
What are the signs of autism in children?
Social side.
They prefer to play on their own.
They find it difficult to start talking and eye contact.
They do not want to be picked up or annexed.
Ignore greetings and farewells.
Not sharing what others are doing.
Communication.
They find it difficult to deliver what they want.
It seems that they do not understand what people want or say.
Abnormal speaking (such as repetition of words or songs).
Difficulty following directions.
They do not consult things and do not show interest when others refer to them.
Other activities and behaviors:
Severe discomfort in the change in routine
They have abnormal movement (such as hand movement or walking on toes)
The intensity of sensitivity to a specific smell
Playing it frequently (may put things in a certain order)
He did the same thing over and over again.
What is autism in adults?
There are currently no standards for measuring autism in suspected adults, and the doctor begins diagnosing to make sure that there is no underlying physical disease cause behind their behavior, and the doctor may ask to go to a psychiatrist to speak to them about problems related to communication, emotion, behavior, interests and more, There, questions revolve around childhood issues, and the doctor may ask to speak with family members to gain insight into the signs they are shown.
Now we will talk about signs of autism in adults that warrant a visit to the doctor:
It is one of the first signs of autism in adults, difficulty in reading and speaking with others.
It loses the ability to express in body language or read it to others.
They do not want to look at others while talking.
Problems organizing and responding to emotion.
Follow time plans and carefully organize daily practices.
Interest in some areas.
Do not prefer to work with others.
weight loss
All of these signs indicate the presence of autism in adults, which then calls for a specialist doctor; To know the causes of autism and to provide the appropriate treatment to control this disease.
We will now talk about the most appropriate methods for treating autism in adults, children and infants:
Treatment of autism in adults:
Often, autism is not treated in adults with the same medications used to treat autism in children, as another system of treatment is followed, including behavioral, verbal and applied treatment, and determines the appropriate method for the patient depending on the accompanying symptoms of anxiety, social isolation, relationship problems and difficulties at work Medications prescribed for symptoms of anxiety and depression can also be taken.
Treatment of autism in children:
All stages of children with autism receive a set of different treatments, including what is held in the school in addition to physical and verbal therapy and training in social and behavioral skills, and parents may resort to sensory treatment in the event that children do not respond to the sensory reaction, and with age, it will be useful to participate in Social skill sets, and some of these treatments are suitable for autism in adults, but the true response to treatment varies from person to person depending on the diagnosis
Treatment of autism at school depends on treatment of behavior and communication, through learning positive behavior and reducing negative behavior, and we will now mention some of these methods used to treat autism in children:
Experimental training, giving positive and simple lessons.
Response training, giving motivation to learn and communicate.
Early behavioral intervention, best for children under 5 years old.
Verbal behavioral intervention, focused on communication skills.
The relationship-building approach aims to develop emotional and intellectual development and depends on the child’s participation in playing with others and doing the activities he loves. It is considered one of the best treatments as you can play with the child.
Visible signs and photo cards, we resort to this treatment for children with special needs.
Occupational therapy, in which the child learns to perform life skills such as feeding, dressing and bathing, and this treatment helps the child to live independently and is not dependent on helping others
Sensory therapy, helps how to quickly treat angered children with bright lights and loud sounds.
Treatment of autism in infants:
We refer to the doctor immediately when signs of autism appear in infants, as the main goal in early diagnosis completes rapid treatment
Finally, I would like to conclude with a question based on the above. Is autism a genetic disease?
I conducted a study to see whether autism is a genetic disease or not, it included more than two million people from five countries and the result indicated that the causes of autism depend on 80% on genetic genes, which means that environmental factors are responsible for only 20%, and these results may seem sufficient to open doors New research into the causes of genetic autism.
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